A1 Spanish Grammar

A1 Articles, Gender and Number Exercises

Learn how to use the definite and indefinite articles and practice gender and number agreement. Complete the activities with el, la, los, las, un, una, unos and unas.

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Choose the correct option

Necesito _____ mesa para estudiar.

un una unas
Correct! Necesito una mesa para estudiar.
A1 Level Interactive exercises Free online practice
Basic grammar

How do articles work in Spanish?

In Spanish, articles accompany the noun and must agree with it in gender and number.

This is why we use different forms depending on whether the noun is masculine or feminine, singular or plural.

Definite Articles

We use definite articles when referring to people, objects or places that are known or identifiable.

Gender Singular Plural
Masculine el los
Feminine la las
Slide the board horizontally
Examples
  • el libro
  • la casa
  • los estudiantes
  • las ventanas

Indefinite Articles

We use indefinite articles when introducing something or talking about a person or object without identifying it specifically.

Gender Singular Plural
Masculine un unos
Feminine una unas
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Examples
  • un libro
  • una profesora
  • unos amigos
  • unas mesas
Masculine and feminine

Gender: Masculine and Feminine

Nouns in Spanish have grammatical gender: they can be masculine or feminine.

-O

Masculine nouns

As a general rule, many words ending in -o They are masculine.

el libro
-A

Feminine nouns

As a general rule, many words ending in -a They are feminine.

la casa
Gender affects the whole sentence

Agreement with adjectives

Adjectives must also agree with the noun. Their form may change according to gender and number.

M·S un coche rojo
F·S una casa roja
M·P dos coches rojos
F·P dos casas rojas
Gender and number affect several words in the sentence, not only to the article.
One thing or several

Number: Singular and Plural

We use the singular to refer to a single person, object, or concept, and the plural to talk about more than one.

Singular

A person, an object, or a concept.

Plural

Two or more people, objects, or concepts.

Vowel -s

Words ending in a vowel

We usually add -s to the words that end in a vowel.

  • casa casas
  • libro libros
Consonant -es

Words ending in a consonant

We usually add -es to the words that end in a consonant.

  • profesor profesores
  • ciudad ciudades
Change the whole sentence

The plural and agreement

When forming the plural, we must also change the article and, where necessary, the adjective.

Singular la casa blanca
Plural las casas blancas
Singular un coche rojo
Plural unos coches rojos
Infographic on Articles, Gender, and Number in Spanish (Level A1)
VISUAL GUIDE · A1 LEVEL
Articles, Gender and Number

Visually review the definite and indefinite articles, , the male and female gender, the singular and the plural and the basic rules of agreement in Spanish.

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Practise what you have learnt

A1 Articles, Gender and Number Exercises

Complete the exercise and check whether you can use Spanish articles and gender and number agreement correctly.

1 Read each sentence carefully
2 Select the correct answer
3 Check your result at the end
A1 "Artículos, género y número" Exercise
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Do you understand the rules but still hesitate when building a sentence?

Articles and agreement appear constantly in Spanish. Doing exercises is a good start, but you also need to use them when communicating.

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Spanish class Grammar and conversation practice

Complete the sentence:
_____ casas son grandes.

The La Los Las
Correct! Las casas son grandes.
Learn from your mistakes

Common Mistakes with Articles, Gender and Number

These are some of the most common mistakes when using articles and building agreement in Spanish.

1
La libro El libro

Book it is a masculine noun, so we use the article el.

El libro está en la mesa.
2
Un casa Una casa

House it is a feminine noun, so we use una.

Vivo en una casa pequeña.
3
Los casa Las casas

The article must agree with the noun in gender and number.

Las casas son grandes.
4
Dos coche rojo Dos coches rojos

When we talk about more than one, we must form the plural of both the noun like of adjective.

Dos coches rojos.
Your questions answered

Frequently asked questions about articles, gender, and number

Review the most common questions about articles and agreement in Spanish.

What are the articles in Spanish?

Definite articles are el, la, los, and las. Indefinite articles are un, una, unos, and unas.

he form we use depends on the gender and number of the noun.

  • el libro
  • la casa
  • unos amigos
  • unas mesas
How do I know if a word is masculine or feminine?

Many words ending in -o are masculine and many words ending in -a They are feminine, but exceptions exist.

It is therefore advisable to learn each noun together with its article

For example: “el problema”, “la mano”, “el libro” and “la tabla”.

How is the plural formed in Spanish?

We usually add -s to the words ending in a vowel and -es those ending in a consonant.

For example: "casa" →" casas" and "profesor" → "profesores".

What does "concordancia" mean in Spanish?

Agreement means that certain words in a sentence must match in gender and number.

For example: "la casa blanca" and "las casas blancas".

How can I learn Spanish articles more effectively?

Try to learn nouns together with their articles rather than memorising each noun on its own.

For example, it's better to learn “la mesa” that simply “mesa”. That way, you'll also remember its gender.

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